Welding methods and advantages of laser welding
Welding is a process method commonly used in industrial production, there are many kinds of welding process, the following introduces several common laser welding methods.
1, laser welding: laser is a high energy density and high intensity radiation, able to melt and heat the material in a very small distance, so it can be efficient connection of any material.
2、Laser Arc Welding: The laser beam emitted by the laser, through the wire feeding system to form a molten pool on the welded workpiece (or workpieces), the use of arc melting the welded workpieces or weldments laminated together so as to complete the welding.
3, laser brazing: the use of specific lasers and special nozzles or brazing head, in the form of electric arc or light radiation and other forms of heating the workpiece and complete the welding.
4、Laser melting welding: the laser sends out a laser beam, heats up the metal to a molten state and sprays the molten metal to the workpiece through the nozzle to realize welding.
Laser welding characteristics
First, welding on the surface of the material, without contacting the surface of the workpiece, can be used for any metal or alloy, especially for some materials that can not be traditionally welded.
During laser welding, the laser beam transmits energy to the material through a reflector and the laser is reflected back to the laser. As the beam passes through the material being welded, it leaves a molten pool on the surface of the material. In this way, the laser enables precise welding, even of thicker workpieces than with conventional welding consumables!
Advantages: All kinds of materials can be joined (including composites);
Disadvantages: the need for higher power lasers and supporting specialized fusion welding machine.
Second, compared with argon arc welding, laser welding can weld a variety of complex shape parts.
For example, it can be used to weld a variety of metals such as steel, copper and aluminum, and at the same time can ensure high welding quality. Welding smaller shapes on smaller diameters can weld parts with diameters less than 1 millimeter but greater than 200 grams. In addition, the use of high-power lasers makes laser welding operations possible without the need for other auxiliary equipment. Therefore, laser welding has a wide range of applications in industrial production.
Third, laser welding does not require preheating (generally not required, depending on the requirements of the process, some materials are required.) , no heat input in the welding process, the molten pool is stable. The advantages of this particular welding method are obtained in many cases where traditional manufacturing processes are not competent or costly. There is no heat input during the welding process, so laser welding eliminates the need for preheating and cooling. It results in weld metal with optimum geometry, heat affected zone and anisotropy. The weld has good mechanical properties and mechanical properties, which makes it widely used in various industrial fields, especially in automobile manufacturing, machining and metal processing industry.
Fourth, the workpiece can be used with only simple pretreatment.
The surface of the workpiece does not require any special treatment, such as polishing and grinding. Simple and convenient to use, the laser welding equipment can directly weld the workpiece.
Application scope: Used for automobile body welding, mechanical parts, molds, pipe fittings and so on. Suitable for all metal materials, such as copper, aluminum, stainless steel and some special alloy steel welding, can be widely used in the manufacture of automobile body, industrial parts and other fields.
V. It can be welded with less or no welding wire, thus reducing cost and time. (In special cases, depending on the process requirements, whether or not welding wire is required.)
Therefore, in many cases, good welding results can be achieved with very little welding wire or very little laser power.
